Chemokines play a key role in inflammation. The CC chemokine eotaxin is a potent and specific eosinophil chemoattractant that is expressed by a variety of cell types in certain inflammatory conditions. Some G-protein coupled chemokine receptors are also utilized as virus co- receptors for fusion and infection of cells. The eotaxin receptor CCR3 is required for HIV-1 entry into target cells such as microglia and eotaxin inhibits the infection of HIV-1.